Showing posts with label level. Show all posts
Showing posts with label level. Show all posts
Monday, May 13, 2013
Simple Water Level Indicator
This is the circuit diagram of a simple corrosion free water level indicator for home and industries.In fact the the level of any conductive non corrosive liquids can be measured using this circuit.The circuit is based on 5 transistor switches.Each transistor is switched on to drive the corresponding LED , when its base is supplied with current through the water through the electrode probes.
One electrode probe is (F) with 6V AC is placed at the bottom of tank.Next probes are placed step by step above the bottom probe.
When water is rising the the base of each transistor gets electrical connection to 6V AC through water and the corresponding probe.Which in turn makes the transistors conduct to glow LED and indicate the level of water.The ends of probes are connected to corresponding points in the circuit as shown in circuit diagram.Insulated Aluminum wires with end insulation removed will do for the probe.Arrange the probes in order on a PVC pipe according to the depth and immerse it in the tank.AC voltage is use to prevent electrolysis at the probes.So this setup will last really long.I guarantee at least a 2 years of maintenance free operation.That’s what I got and is still going.
Thursday, March 7, 2013
Make This Water Level Indicator Circuit at Home
There are many posts in this blog which essentially explain water level controller circuits, with the specific intentions of switching the involved motor pump when the tank fills up.
However there are folks who just require an indication of the different levels of water in the tank rather than have an automatic shut off facility.
The switching OFF of the motor is preferred to be carried out manually, which is considered more reliable and safe by them.
The proposed water level circuit idea is specifically suited for the above type of readers who are satisfied with the indications only and want to do the shutting part of the motor manually as per the readings of the indicator and as per the desired water levels in the tank.
The circuit presented here is again super simple to build, involving only a single IC 4049 for the intended applications.
The IC as we all know have six NOT gates, these gates are simple inverters, meaning they will invert any voltage level at their input pins to exactly the opposite level at their output pin.
So if a positive is applied to the input, the output would instantly produce a negative and vice versa.
The high input impedance of CMOS gates makes sure that potential even with very low currents are suitably sensed and interpreted by them.
The idea is simple, the ground or the negative voltage (point 0 in the figure) is held at the bottom most part of the tank, such that the water reaches this point first up when it starts filling.
As the water level goes higher, it subsequently comes in contact with the inputs of the NOT gates arranged serially upwards.
The negative voltage stationed at the bottom of the tank leaks through the water and comes in contact with the relevant inputs of the gates.
This negative potential applied at the subsequent inputs of the gates means a production of an opposite voltage, that is a positive potential at their outputs, thats what exactly happens.
The positive voltage thus generated lights up the concerned LEDs, indicating which input of the gate at what level has come in contact with the rising water level.
The sensor wire terminals from the circuit in the form of the points 0 to 6 may be arranged over a non conducting stick made up of plastic with brass screw heads fitted as the sensor termination.
The LED illuminations give a direct indication of the water levels, as these are stationed with calibrated positions in the tank (see circuit diagram)
The pin out diagram of the IC 4049 is given below:
Image credit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CMOS_4049_diagram.svg
Part List.
All LED resistors are 470 Ohms,
All gate input resistors are 2M2
All capacitors are 0.1 disc ceramic.
All the gates are from the IC 4049
All LEDs are red 5mm, or as preferred by the maker.
However there are folks who just require an indication of the different levels of water in the tank rather than have an automatic shut off facility.
The switching OFF of the motor is preferred to be carried out manually, which is considered more reliable and safe by them.
The proposed water level circuit idea is specifically suited for the above type of readers who are satisfied with the indications only and want to do the shutting part of the motor manually as per the readings of the indicator and as per the desired water levels in the tank.
The circuit presented here is again super simple to build, involving only a single IC 4049 for the intended applications.
The IC as we all know have six NOT gates, these gates are simple inverters, meaning they will invert any voltage level at their input pins to exactly the opposite level at their output pin.
So if a positive is applied to the input, the output would instantly produce a negative and vice versa.
The high input impedance of CMOS gates makes sure that potential even with very low currents are suitably sensed and interpreted by them.
The idea is simple, the ground or the negative voltage (point 0 in the figure) is held at the bottom most part of the tank, such that the water reaches this point first up when it starts filling.
As the water level goes higher, it subsequently comes in contact with the inputs of the NOT gates arranged serially upwards.
The negative voltage stationed at the bottom of the tank leaks through the water and comes in contact with the relevant inputs of the gates.
This negative potential applied at the subsequent inputs of the gates means a production of an opposite voltage, that is a positive potential at their outputs, thats what exactly happens.
The positive voltage thus generated lights up the concerned LEDs, indicating which input of the gate at what level has come in contact with the rising water level.
The sensor wire terminals from the circuit in the form of the points 0 to 6 may be arranged over a non conducting stick made up of plastic with brass screw heads fitted as the sensor termination.
The LED illuminations give a direct indication of the water levels, as these are stationed with calibrated positions in the tank (see circuit diagram)
The pin out diagram of the IC 4049 is given below:
Image credit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CMOS_4049_diagram.svg
Part List.
All LED resistors are 470 Ohms,
All gate input resistors are 2M2
All capacitors are 0.1 disc ceramic.
All the gates are from the IC 4049
All LEDs are red 5mm, or as preferred by the maker.
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